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How we calculate it

Your feeding plan isn’t a guess.

It’s built from decades of field research on wild reptiles, adjusted for life at home, and grounded in quarterly lab testing of the actual feeders in your box. This page shows every step of the math — and where each number comes from.

The chain, end to end

Weight
Wild energy need
Captive discount
Calories
Insect share
Your box
Insects per day
1

We start with wild-animal science

How much energy does a lizard actually burn in a day? Field researchers answered this by tracking free-living animals with the doubly-labeled-water method — the gold standard for measuring energy use in the wild — across 55 reptile species. Nagy, Girard & Brown (1999) summarized the results, and we use their desert-lizard equation [1]:

kJ per day = 0.177 × weight (g)0.935
16 desert-lizard species · r² = 0.876 · Nagy et al. 1999, Table 2

Why this equation fits your pet. The dataset behind it includes Ctenophorus nuchalis — the central netted dragon, a wild Australian desert agamid and one of your bearded dragon’s closest studied relatives. It also includes three desert gecko species, which is why the same equation grounds our leopard gecko plans: leos are arid-habitat geckos too.

Nagy himself notes these equations tend to overestimate what captive animals need. That’s what the next step is for.

2

Adjusted for life at home

Your pet doesn’t hunt, patrol a territory, or dodge predators. Nagy’s guidance: active captive reptiles maintaining proper body temperature need roughly 60–70% of what their wild cousins burn. We build in a factor of 0.65, assuming an active animal in a properly heated enclosure.

This discount points the plan in the safe direction — against overfeeding, the most common feeding mistake in captive reptiles. One honest caveat: an under-heated, sedentary animal needs even less, which is one more reason the plan is a starting point, not a prescription.

3

Converted to calories

Dividing by 4.184 converts kilojoules to kilocalories — the "calories" on any food label. That’s the whole step.

Worked example — 60 g leopard gecko

0.177 × 600.935 × 0.65 ÷ 4.184 = 1.26 kcal per day

Our planning engine reproduces this figure exactly — it’s unit-tested against the published math.

4

Split between insects and greens

Not every calorie comes from the box. Leopard geckos are insectivores — insects are the whole diet. Bearded dragons shift from mostly insects as juveniles to mostly greens as adults. The shares below were set in consultation with a wildlife biologist and checked against published research on the diet of free-roaming bearded dragons (Oonincx et al.) [4].

SpeciesLife stageInsectsInsect feedingsGreens
Leopard geckoAll ages100%Daily small mealNone — insectivore
Bearded dragonUnder 6 months80%DailyOffered daily
Bearded dragon6–12 months65%DailyOffered daily
Bearded dragon12 months +35%3× per week3× per week, more volume

The balance of calories comes from greens, following our care guides. Greens and supplements stay required either way — the plan covers insect energy; it doesn’t replace dusting or UVB.

5

Powered by our own lab data

Generic calculators use species averages from decades-old tables. Your plan knows exactly how many calories are in these specific feeders, because an independent lab — Midwest Laboratories — measures them for us every quarter.

FeederCal / gPlanning weight (S box)Planning weight (L box)
Superworm1.8840.2 g (small)0.6 g (large)
Black soldier fly larvae1.1500.08 g0.08 g
Hornworm0.4491.5 g fed-out (small)3 g fed-out (medium)

Calorie density computed by the modified Atwater method (4/9/4) from quarterly third-party panels, as-received basis. Latest: June 2026.

Does the method hold up? Applied to Finke’s (2002) published cricket composition, our calculation gives 1.43 cal/g — Finke’s directly measured value is 1.40. Within 2% [3].

A note on hornworms. They ship tiny and grow out at your house, so the plan uses their expected fed-out weight — about 1.5 g (small) to 3 g (medium). Your care card walks you through the grow-out; the plan counts on it.

6

From calories to a schedule

The last mile: turning a daily calorie budget and one box of insects into "feed this, today."

01
Hornworms first.
Twelve per box makes them the scarce item, so they’re scheduled evenly across the 28-day cycle — about three a week — and their calories come off the top of the daily budget.
02
The rest draws down evenly.
Superworms and soldier fly larvae split the remaining budget in proportion to their calorie share of the box, so you never exhaust one feeder weeks before the other.
03
Whole insects only.
Nobody feeds 2.4 superworms. Fractional daily rates become whole counts with remainder-carrying rounding — the running total never drifts more than one insect from the exact rate.
04
Coverage check.
The plan computes how many days your box lasts at your animal’s needs. Runs short? We suggest reordering earlier or moving up a tier. Far outlasts the cycle? We surface feeder-storage guidance instead.

Same animal, same box, same plan — every time. There’s no randomness in the schedule.

7

Your animal has the final say

You might expect a "growth multiplier" for juveniles. We deliberately don’t use one: Nagy’s research on neonate reptiles found that growing animals don’t burn meaningfully more energy for their size than adults do [2]. The "growing animals need lots of extra food" belief likely reflects a history of captive overfeeding.

Instead, the plan corrects through body condition — a feedback loop, not a fudge factor:

  • Looking underweight? Add 1–2 insects per feeding.
  • Looking overweight? Remove 1–2 insects per feeding, or skip 1–2 feedings a week.
  • Growing? Update the weight in your dashboard and the plan recalculates.

The honest fine print

What this plan can’t do.

01

Neither bearded dragons nor leopard geckos have been directly studied for field metabolic rate. We use the closest published group — an equation whose dataset includes their near relatives — and reptile energy use is consistent enough by family and habitat to support it.

02

The 65% captive factor assumes an active animal in a properly heated enclosure. Cooler or more sedentary animals need less.

03

Our calorie densities are batch averages from quarterly testing. Individual insects vary.

04

The plan is a starting point, not a prescription. Your pet’s body condition — and your exotics vet — always outrank it. It makes no medical claims.

05

It covers insect energy only. Greens (for dragons), calcium dusting, and UVB remain required.

If those caveats make the plan sound less magical — good. That’s what evidence-based looks like.

Sources

Read what we read

[1]
Nagy, K.A., Girard, I.A. & Brown, T.K. (1999). Energetics of free-ranging mammals, reptiles, and birds. Annual Review of Nutrition 19:247–277. — Desert-lizard FMR equation (Table 2); dataset includes Ctenophorus nuchalis and three desert gecko species; captive-energy guidance.
[2]
Nagy, K.A. (2000). Energy costs of growth in neonate reptiles. Herpetological Monographs 14:378–387. — Growing reptiles average 97–100% of mass-adjusted adult energy use — why the plan has no growth multiplier.
[3]
Finke, M.D. (2002). Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised invertebrates used as food for insectivores. Zoo Biology 21:269–285. — Independent cricket data used to cross-check our calorie method.
[4]
Oonincx, D.G.A.B. et al. — Diet of free-roaming Pogona vitticeps. — Wild bearded-dragon diet composition behind the insect/greens shares.
[5]
Midwest Laboratories, quarterly composition panels (latest June 2026). — Third-party nutritional analysis of the superworms, soldier fly larvae, and hornworms in your box.

A starting point built from real data.

Not a prescription. Your pet’s body condition — and your exotics vet — always outrank the math.

How we calculate it

Your feeding plan isn’t a guess.

It’s built from decades of field research on wild reptiles, adjusted for life at home, and grounded in quarterly lab testing of the actual feeders in your box. This page shows every step of the math — and where each number comes from.

The chain, end to end

Weight
Wild energy need
Captive discount
Calories
Insect share
Your box
Insects per day
1

We start with wild-animal science

How much energy does a lizard actually burn in a day? Field researchers answered this by tracking free-living animals with the doubly-labeled-water method — the gold standard for measuring energy use in the wild — across 55 reptile species. Nagy, Girard & Brown (1999) summarized the results, and we use their desert-lizard equation [1]:

kJ per day = 0.177 × weight (g)0.935
16 desert-lizard species · r² = 0.876 · Nagy et al. 1999, Table 2

Why this equation fits your pet. The dataset behind it includes Ctenophorus nuchalis — the central netted dragon, a wild Australian desert agamid and one of your bearded dragon’s closest studied relatives. It also includes three desert gecko species, which is why the same equation grounds our leopard gecko plans: leos are arid-habitat geckos too.

Nagy himself notes these equations tend to overestimate what captive animals need. That’s what the next step is for.

2

Adjusted for life at home

Your pet doesn’t hunt, patrol a territory, or dodge predators. Nagy’s guidance: active captive reptiles maintaining proper body temperature need roughly 60–70% of what their wild cousins burn. We build in a factor of 0.65, assuming an active animal in a properly heated enclosure.

This discount points the plan in the safe direction — against overfeeding, the most common feeding mistake in captive reptiles. One honest caveat: an under-heated, sedentary animal needs even less, which is one more reason the plan is a starting point, not a prescription.

3

Converted to calories

Dividing by 4.184 converts kilojoules to kilocalories — the "calories" on any food label. That’s the whole step.

Worked example — 60 g leopard gecko

0.177 × 600.935 × 0.65 ÷ 4.184 = 1.26 kcal per day

Our planning engine reproduces this figure exactly — it’s unit-tested against the published math.

4

Split between insects and greens

Not every calorie comes from the box. Leopard geckos are insectivores — insects are the whole diet. Bearded dragons shift from mostly insects as juveniles to mostly greens as adults. The shares below were set in consultation with a wildlife biologist and checked against published research on the diet of free-roaming bearded dragons (Oonincx et al.) [4].

Leopard gecko
Life stageAll ages
Insects100%
Insect feedingsDaily small meal
GreensNone — insectivore
Bearded dragon
Life stageUnder 6 months
Insects80%
Insect feedingsDaily
GreensOffered daily
Bearded dragon
Life stage6–12 months
Insects65%
Insect feedingsDaily
GreensOffered daily
Bearded dragon
Life stage12 months +
Insects35%
Insect feedings3× per week
Greens3× per week, more volume

The balance of calories comes from greens, following our care guides. Greens and supplements stay required either way — the plan covers insect energy; it doesn’t replace dusting or UVB.

5

Powered by our own lab data

Generic calculators use species averages from decades-old tables. Your plan knows exactly how many calories are in these specific feeders, because an independent lab — Midwest Laboratories — measures them for us every quarter.

Superworm
Cal / g1.884
Planning weight (S box)0.2 g (small)
Planning weight (L box)0.6 g (large)
Black soldier fly larvae
Cal / g1.150
Planning weight (S box)0.08 g
Planning weight (L box)0.08 g
Hornworm
Cal / g0.449
Planning weight (S box)1.5 g fed-out (small)
Planning weight (L box)3 g fed-out (medium)

Calorie density computed by the modified Atwater method (4/9/4) from quarterly third-party panels, as-received basis. Latest: June 2026.

Does the method hold up? Applied to Finke’s (2002) published cricket composition, our calculation gives 1.43 cal/g — Finke’s directly measured value is 1.40. Within 2% [3].

A note on hornworms. They ship tiny and grow out at your house, so the plan uses their expected fed-out weight — about 1.5 g (small) to 3 g (medium). Your care card walks you through the grow-out; the plan counts on it.

6

From calories to a schedule

The last mile: turning a daily calorie budget and one box of insects into "feed this, today."

01
Hornworms first.
Twelve per box makes them the scarce item, so they’re scheduled evenly across the 28-day cycle — about three a week — and their calories come off the top of the daily budget.
02
The rest draws down evenly.
Superworms and soldier fly larvae split the remaining budget in proportion to their calorie share of the box, so you never exhaust one feeder weeks before the other.
03
Whole insects only.
Nobody feeds 2.4 superworms. Fractional daily rates become whole counts with remainder-carrying rounding — the running total never drifts more than one insect from the exact rate.
04
Coverage check.
The plan computes how many days your box lasts at your animal’s needs. Runs short? We suggest reordering earlier or moving up a tier. Far outlasts the cycle? We surface feeder-storage guidance instead.

Same animal, same box, same plan — every time. There’s no randomness in the schedule.

7

Your animal has the final say

You might expect a "growth multiplier" for juveniles. We deliberately don’t use one: Nagy’s research on neonate reptiles found that growing animals don’t burn meaningfully more energy for their size than adults do [2]. The "growing animals need lots of extra food" belief likely reflects a history of captive overfeeding.

Instead, the plan corrects through body condition — a feedback loop, not a fudge factor:

  • Looking underweight? Add 1–2 insects per feeding.
  • Looking overweight? Remove 1–2 insects per feeding, or skip 1–2 feedings a week.
  • Growing? Update the weight in your dashboard and the plan recalculates.

The honest fine print

What this plan can’t do.

01

Neither bearded dragons nor leopard geckos have been directly studied for field metabolic rate. We use the closest published group — an equation whose dataset includes their near relatives — and reptile energy use is consistent enough by family and habitat to support it.

02

The 65% captive factor assumes an active animal in a properly heated enclosure. Cooler or more sedentary animals need less.

03

Our calorie densities are batch averages from quarterly testing. Individual insects vary.

04

The plan is a starting point, not a prescription. Your pet’s body condition — and your exotics vet — always outrank it. It makes no medical claims.

05

It covers insect energy only. Greens (for dragons), calcium dusting, and UVB remain required.

If those caveats make the plan sound less magical — good. That’s what evidence-based looks like.

Sources

Read what we read

[1]
Nagy, K.A., Girard, I.A. & Brown, T.K. (1999). Energetics of free-ranging mammals, reptiles, and birds. Annual Review of Nutrition 19:247–277. — Desert-lizard FMR equation (Table 2); dataset includes Ctenophorus nuchalis and three desert gecko species; captive-energy guidance.
[2]
Nagy, K.A. (2000). Energy costs of growth in neonate reptiles. Herpetological Monographs 14:378–387. — Growing reptiles average 97–100% of mass-adjusted adult energy use — why the plan has no growth multiplier.
[3]
Finke, M.D. (2002). Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised invertebrates used as food for insectivores. Zoo Biology 21:269–285. — Independent cricket data used to cross-check our calorie method.
[4]
Oonincx, D.G.A.B. et al. — Diet of free-roaming Pogona vitticeps. — Wild bearded-dragon diet composition behind the insect/greens shares.
[5]
Midwest Laboratories, quarterly composition panels (latest June 2026). — Third-party nutritional analysis of the superworms, soldier fly larvae, and hornworms in your box.

A starting point built from real data.

Not a prescription. Your pet’s body condition — and your exotics vet — always outrank the math.

SOURCE NAME

Explanation of how we used the source. This source provides clear guidance on the importance of diet diversity. It should also include a bit about the source. Mark Mitchell is a well known researcher and has published 200 book chapters.